Eur. 178, 852867 (2008). Particle physicists have therefore been searching for new physics, that is, new particles and interactions that can explain the SMs shortcomings. Simulated events are weighted to correct for the imperfect modelling using control channels. D 93, 052015 (2016). Eur. Phys. A. Boelhauve,L. Calefice,E. DallOcco,H.-P. Dembinski,Q. Fuehring,L. L. Gerken,K. Heinicke,S. E. Hollitt,P. Ibis,V. Jevtic,B. Khanji,J. Langer,V. Lisovskyi,P. Mackowiak,G. Meier,A. Mdden,T. Mombcher,N. S. Nolte,M. Saur,M. Schellenberg,A. Seuthe,B. Spaan,H. Stevens&D. Wiedner, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, F. Alessio,L. An,C. Bertella,F. Betti,M. P. Blago,N. Bondar,A. Boyer,M. Brodski,C. Burr,J. Buytaert,W. Byczynski,M. Cattaneo,G. Cavallero,Ph. where N(X) indicates the yield of decay mode X and (X) is the efficiency for selecting decay mode X. Review of particle physics. High Energy Phys. The proportion of signal candidates that migrate in and out of the q2 region of interest is on the order of 10%. Lepton-flavor-dependent angular analysis of BK*+. Fan,Y. Gan,G. Gong,C. Gu,F. Jiang,Y. Kang,X. Liu,Y. Luo,H. Mu,Z. Ren,J. Wang,M. Wang,Z. Wang,L. Xu,D. Yang,Z. Yang,M. Zeng,L. Zhang&X. Zhu, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, P. E. L. Clarke,R. Currie,S. Eisenhardt,S. Gambetta,K. Gizdov,S. E. Mitchell,F. Muheim,M. Needham,S. Petrucci,G. Robertson,M. R. J. Williams&J. Lett. A comparison with previous measurements is shown in Fig. The relative fraction of partially reconstructed background in each trigger category is also shared across the different data-taking periods. LHCb collaboration. Khodjamirian, A., Mannel, T., Pivovarov, A. Cascade background of the form \(B\to {H}_{c}(\to {K}^{+}{\ell }^{-}{\overline{\nu }}_{\ell }X){\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }Y\), where Hc is a hadron containing a c quark (D0, D+, \({D}_{s}^{+}\), \({\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\)), and X, Y are particles that are not included in the B+ candidate, are suppressed by requiring that the kaonlepton invariant mass is in the region m(K+)>\(m_{D^0}\), where \(m_{D^0}\) is the known D0 mass2. The latest LHCb result is the first test of lepton universality made using the decays of beauty baryonsthree-quark particles containing at least one beauty quark. The suppression of \(\overline{b}\to \overline{s}\) transitions is understood in terms of the fundamental symmetries on which the SM is built. Lees, J. P. et al. In this paper, a measurement of the RK ratio is presented based on protonproton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at the CERNs Large Hadron Collider (Methods). Google Scholar. The effect on RK is at the 1% level. The signal is represented by the orange shaded region and the various cascade background contributions by red, dark blue and light blue shaded regions. Rev. D 68, 094016 (2003). Instrum. & Rusov, A. V. BsK and B(s)(K)+ decays at large recoil and CKM matrix elements. The EvtGen particle decay simulation package. 12, 040 (2007). Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4586379 (2021). Phys. & Tech. The B+J/(+)K+ events selected from the data have also been used to demonstrate control of the electron track reconstruction efficiency at the percent level90. He,W. Huang,H. Liu,X. Lyu,R. Ma,W. Qian,J. Qin,Z. Xiang,J. Xu,Q. Xu,Z. Xu,S. Yang,Y. Yang,Y. Zheng,X. Zhou,Y. Zhou&Z. Zhu, L. Capriotti,A. Carbone,A. Falabella,F. Ferrari,D. Galli,S. Maccolini,D. Manuzzi,U. Marconi,C. Patrignani,S. Perazzini,M. Soares,V. Vagnoni,G. Valenti&S. Zucchelli, L. Capriotti,A. Carbone,F. Ferrari,D. Galli,S. Maccolini,D. Manuzzi,C. Patrignani&S. Zucchelli, INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy, Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China, I. Carli,S. Chen,Y. Li,Y. Li,S. Liu,Y. Lu,L. Ma,M. Tobin,J. Wang&Q. Zou, Univ. To avoid unconscious bias, the analysis procedure was developed and the cross-checks described below performed before the result for RK was examined. Uncertainties on the data points are statistical only and represent one standard deviation. B. Coelho,F. Desse,F. Machefert,E. M. Niel,P. Robbe,M. H. Schune&G. Wormser, L. Anderlini,A. Bizzeti,G. Graziani,S. Mariani,G. Passaleva&M. Veltri, M. Andreotti,W. Baldini,C. Bozzi,R. Calabrese,M. Fiorini,E. Franzoso,C. Giugliano,P. Griffith,M. Guarise,S. Kotriakhova,E. Luppi,A. Minotti,L. Minzoni,I. Neri,L. L. Pappalardo,B. Passalacqua,B. G. Siddi,I. Slazyk,L. Tomassetti&S. Vecchi, Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitt Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, F. Archilli,S. Bachmann,D. Berninghoff,M. Borsato,G. Frau,D. Gerick,J. P. Grabowski,P. A. Gnther,X. Han,S. Hansmann-Menzemer,J. Hu,R. Kopecna,B. Leverington,P. Li,H. Malygina,J. All contributing authors, as listed at the end of the manuscript, have contributed to the publication, being variously involved in the design and construction of the detector, writing software, calibrating sub-systems, operating the detector, acquiring data and analysing the processed data. 126, 161802 (2021). Uncertainties on the data points are the combination of statistical and systematic and represent one standard deviation. Measurement of \({{{\mathcal{R}}}}(D)\) and \({{{\mathcal{R}}}}({D}^{* })\) with a semileptonic tagging method. oscillation frequency, Probing CP symmetry and weak phases with entangled double-strange baryons, Polarization and entanglement in baryonantibaryon pair production in electronpositron annihilation, The Higgs boson implications and prospects for future discoveries, http://opendata.cern.ch/record/410/files/LHCb-Data-Policy.pdf, https://www.hepdata.net/record/ins1852846?version=1. Conversely, the non-resonant distributions show the projections from the simultaneous fit across data-taking periods and trigger categories that is used to obtain RK. & Wang, Y.-M. Charm-loop effect in B K(*)+ and B K*. J. Bharucha, A., Straub, D. M. & Zwicky, R. BV+ in the standard model from light-cone sum rules. Eur. 103, 171801 (2009). Distribution of m(K+e+e) in simulated B+K+e+e decays. Right: a possible new physics contribution to the decay with a hypothetical leptoquark (LQ) which, unlike the electroweak bosons, could have different interaction strengths with the different types of leptons. Khodjamirian, A., Mannel, T. & Wang, Y.-M. BK+ decay at large hadronic recoil. J. Phys. Phys. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. The calibration samples consist of D*+D0(K+)+, J/+ and B+J/(e+e)K+ decays, from which kaons, muons and electrons, respectively, can be selected without applying particle identification requirements. 18, 277282 (2022). Phys. J. The k-folding technique is used in the training and testing81. There are excellent prospects for all of the above and further measurements with the much larger samples that will be collected with the upgraded LHCb detector from 2022 and, in the longer term, with the LHCb Upgrade II71. This article presents evidence for the breaking of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations, based on proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider. Sun, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University (SINP MSU), Moscow, Russia, I. Belov,A. Berezhnoy,I. V. Gorelov,M. Korolev,A. Leflat,N. Nikitin,D. Savrina&V. Zhukov, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC Kurchatov Institute (ITEP NRC KI), Moscow, Russia, I. Belyaev,A. Danilina,V. Egorychev,D. Golubkov,P. Gorbounov,A. Konoplyannikov,T. Kvaratskheliya,V. Matiunin,T. Ovsiannikova,D. Pereima,D. Savrina,A. Semennikov&A. Smetkina, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy, G. Bencivenni,L. Calero Diaz,S. Cali,P. Campana,P. Ciambrone,P. De Simone,P. Di Nezza,M. Giovannetti,G. Lanfranchi,G. Morello,M. Palutan,M. Poli Lener,M. Rotondo,M. Santimaria&B. Sciascia, LPNHE, Sorbonne Universit, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cit, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France, E. Ben-Haim,P. Billoir,L. Calefice,M. Charles,L. Del Buono,S. Esen,M. Fontana,V. V. Gligorov,T. Grammatico,F. Polci,R. Quagliani,D. Y. Tou,P. Vincent&S. G. Weber, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Universita e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy, A. Bertolin,D. Lucchesi,M. Morandin,L. Sestini,G. Simi&D. Zuliani, Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakw, Poland, J. Bhom,J. T. Borsuk,J. Brodzicka,A. Chernov,M. Chrzaszcz,M. W. Dudek,A. Dziurda,M. Goncerz,M. Jezabek,W. Kucewicz,M. Kucharczyk,T. Lesiak,J. J. Malczewski,A. Ossowska,K. Prasanth,M. Witek&M. Zdybal, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, L. Bian,H. Cai,B. Fang,X. Huang,L. Sun&J. Wang, S. Bifani,R. Calladine,G. Chatzikonstantinidis,N. Cooke,J. Plews,M. W. Slater,P. N. Swallow&N. K. Watson, Universit di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, M. Bjrn,K. M. Fischer,F. Goncalves Abrantes,B. R. Gruberg Cazon,T. H. Hancock,N. Harnew,M. John,L. Li,S. Malde,R. A. Mohammed,C. H. Murphy,T. Pajero,M. Pili,H. Pullen,V. Renaudin,A. Rollings,L. G. Scantlebury Smead,J. C. Smallwood,F. Suljik,G. Wilkinson&Y. Zhang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, T. Boettcher,D. C. Craik,O. Kitouni,C. Weisser&M. Williams, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia, A. Boldyrev,D. Derkach,M. Hushchyn,M. Karpov,A. Maevskiy,F. Ratnikov,A. Ryzhikov&A. Ustyuzhanin, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (SB RAS), Novosibirsk, Russia, A. Bondar,S. Eidelman,P. Krokovny,V. Kudryavtsev,T. Maltsev,L. Shekhtman&V. Vorobyev, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA, S. Braun,A. D. Fernez,M. Franco Sevilla,P. M. Hamilton,A. Jawahery,W. Parker,Y. The performance of the particle identification requirements is then evaluated from the proportion of events in these samples which fulfil the particle identification selection criteria. Phys. J. Whenever B+J/(+)K+ events are used to correct the simulation, the correlations between calibration and measurement samples are taken into account in the results and cross-checks presented in this paper. The latter also tend to accumulate around specific values of m(K++). Quantum field theory allows such a process to be mediated by virtual particles that can have a physical mass larger than the energy available in the interaction. Similarly, the variations seen in rJ/ as a function of all other reconstructed quantities examined are compatible with the systematic uncertainties assigned. 53, 270278 (2006). The kinematic correlation between m(K+e+e)and q2 means that, irrespective of misreconstruction effects, the latter background can only populate the m(K+e+e) region well below the signal peak. Energy Phys. The B+K+e+e branching fraction is determined by combining the value of RK with the value of \({{{\rm{d}}}}{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to {K}^{+}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})/{{{\rm{d}}}}{q}^{2}\) in the region 1.1 A Million Question Marks Copy And Paste,
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